campbell



( No Model.) 23113333411333 1.

' 3 H. C. CAMPBELL.

METHODDR PROCESS OF MAKING KEGS, BARRELS, &c. No. 533,433. Patented Feb. 3, 1893.

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Patented Feb. 5, 1895.

IN VENT 0R WITNESSES ATTORNEYS ilrsirso STATES PATENT HENRY C. CAMPBELL, OF TARRYTOWN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO WVILLIAM N. CAMPBELL, OF SAME PLACE.

METHOD OR PROCESS OF MAKING KEGS, BARRELS, 8&0.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 533,435, dated February 5, 1895.

Application filed February 10, 1894. Serial No. 499.703. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY O. CAMPBELL, a resident of Tarrytown, Westchester county, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods or Processes of Making Kegs, Barrels, &c., of

i which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the manufacture of kegs, barrels and similar receptacles by steaming and bending wood to form sections of the same, and has for its object to produce a keg, barrel or like packing vessel especially adapted for the storage of paint and similar heavy liquid or semi-liquid materials.

To this end my invention consists in the method or process of bending wood hereinafter set forth, and more particularly pointed out in the claim.

In processes hitherto in use for the purpose of forming the staves or segments of kegs, barrels or the like, it has been customary to cut gores or kerfs in the stock employed where it is desired to contract the same, thus imparting the desired curvature to them, while in my process I bendwhole unkerfed, ungored slabs both with and across the grain, at a single operation incidentally imparting to the segment treated two or more distinct curvatures, as will more fully hereinafter appear.

In the drawings, forming part hereof-Figure 1 is an orthographic side view of an apparatus for carrying out my improved method or process, which will be more fully described hereinafter. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of two sections comprising the Walls of a form of my improved keg or barrel before they are united. Fig. 3 is a side view of a head or cover to co-operate with a closure ring in the end of my improved keg. Fig. 4 is an orthographic side view partly in section of a form of my improved keg, having a closure ring applied to one end thereof. Fig. 5 is a plan View of the head or cover shown in Fig. 3.

My improved apparatus shown in Fig. 1 consists of a mold having a male and a female die A and B respectively, each the counterpart of the other, and having a working face or surface of the shape of a section of a keg or barrel. This section may be in extent any portion of the circumference of a keg, but I prefer to make it a semi-circumference as I have found that two halves of a keg may be very readily joined. These dies may be operated by any suitable devices, such, for instance, as a press, as shown in Fig. 1, the same consisting of a bed-plate a upon which one of the dies rests, standards I) I] supporting a cross-head 0 together with a screw (1 carrying the other die or member of the mold passing through the cross-head c, and working in a thread tapped therein and having a crossbar or crank e at the free end thereof. The die which rests upon the bed-plate a is stationary, and the die carried by the screw is movable, and is moved with relation to the fixed die by means of the screw. Suitable guides f f may be formed on the standards I) b with which may co-operate arms g g carried by the moving die and. serving to guide the die in its movement.

The dies A and B are preferably made hollow and have suitable pipe systems 72 j for providing a supply of heated fluid to heat the dies, to more rapidly and efliciently dry the wood. As I have before stated, these dies are so shaped as to give to the wood the shape of a section of a keg, that is to say, to impart both a longitudinal and a transverse curvature thereto.

In practicing my process I place between the dies, as shown in Fig. l, a slab of wood D of suitable extent previously steamed to a degree sufficient to render the same highly flexible and reinforce the same on the side which is to form the outside circumference of the keg with a' sheet or strip 7.: of metal or othersuitable material less flexible than wood laid loosely against the face thereof. The dies are now brought together with considerable pressure and the Wood is bent into shape, the metallic sheet or strip is serving to prevent splitting of the wood as the transverse bend is being imparted thereto, it being remembered in this connection that the grain is in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the keg.

This keg section is allowed cial importance as by its use I am enabled to overcome the liability of the Wood splitting, when being bent in the direction of the grain.

In Fig. 2 I have shown two semi-sections E E forming the walls of a keg made by steaming and bending, as described. These sections may be crozed and chamfered, as shown, at lm, for the reception of a head 97,, as shown in Fig. 4:- These sections E E may be united at their edges 0 19 in any suitable manner, as by glue, and hoops q q may be put around the keg to more firmly retain the sections in place. The keg may be headed up at both ends in any desired manner, or I may head up one end in the ordinary manner and provide the keg with a special closure at the other end, as shown in Figs. 8, at and 5. This closure consists of a metallic ring G fitting into the end of the keg and having a screwthreaded portion 7", a shoulder or bead it, a depending, inclined or curved lip s, and a securing flange if overlapping the end of the keg, together with a head or cover II screwthreaded on its edge, and adapted to engage with the screw-threaded portion of the ring Gr.

It will be observed that by my invention I am enabled to construct a substantial vessel such as a keg or the like, from fiat slabs of Wood Without any Waste of material and at little cost; little time being employed in uniting the parts and the necessity of skilled labor dispensed with.

It will be obvious that my method or process may be variously practiced, so therefore I do not limit myself to the precise mode of procedure described herein, but

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The herein described method of making kegs and the like from whole unkerfed, ungored flat pieces of wood, which consists in steaming the wood to give the requisite flexibility, reinforcing the same with a sheet or strip of less flexible material, and then pressing the Wood thus reinforced in a mold to im-' part the desired shape thereto, as described.

HENRY O. CAMPBELL. \Vitnesses:

JAMES L. SUYDAM, GEO. E. MORSE. 

